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定语从句修饰整个句子的情况分析

时间:2022-03-21 08:23:30 优美句子 我要投稿

定语从句修饰整个句子的情况分析汇总

  在平日的学习、工作和生活里,大家都知道一些经典的句子吧,在不同类型的文章里,不同位置的句子的作用也是不同的。那什么样的句子才具有启发意义呢?以下是小编为大家收集的定语从句修饰整个句子,供大家参考借鉴,希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

定语从句修饰整个句子的情况分析汇总

  定语从句修饰整个句子的情况分析

  定语从句用来对名词或代词进行修饰,它由关系代词或关系副词引导,其中的关系代词或关系副词在从句中也充当一定的成分。例如:

  the man who never gives up 永不放弃的人 (关系代词who做从句中的主语)

  the house where he used to live 他过去住过的房子 (关系副词where做从句中的状语)

  粗体部分分别是由who和where引导的从句,用来修饰名词the man和the house,称为定语从句。被它所修饰的那个名词the man和the house叫做先行词,定语从句通常紧跟在先行词后。又例如:

  The boy who visited me was one of my students. 看我的那个孩子是我的一个学生。(先行词为人)

  A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是会飞的机器。(先行词为物)

  Do you remember the day when he arrived? 你记得他到达的日子吗?(先行词为时间)

  He lives in a place where no one can find it. 他住在一个别人找不到的地方。(先行词为地点)

  【拓展延伸】

  关系代词的使用

  关系代词的使用首先取决于先行词是人还是物。它一方面用来引导定语从句,另一方面还在从句中充当一定的成分。先请看这张表:

  ⑴ 关系代词在从句中做主语,例如:

  This is the man who / that wants to see you. 这就是那个想见你的人。

  The girls who / that are coming are my students. 那些要来的孩子是我的学生。

  She was not on the train which / that arrived just now. 她不在刚到的那列火车上。

  说明:定语从句中谓语动词的人称和数与先行词一致

  ⑵ 关系代词在从句中做宾语,例如

  The boy (who / whom / that) I know studies best in their class. 我认识的那个孩子在他们班上学习最好。 Are they the players (who / whom / that) you talked about yesterday? 他们就是你昨天谈论的运动员吗? The story (which / that) he told was very interesting. 他讲的`故事非常有趣。

  说明:关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略,尤其在口语中是如此。

  ⑶ 关系代词在从句中做表语,例如:

  She decided to be the writer (that) her mother wanted her to be. 她决定做她母亲希望她做的那样的作家。 The house is not the one (that) it used to be. 那座房子已经不是它过去那样了。

  说明:关系代词在从句中做表语时可以省略。

  ⑷ 关系代词在从句中做名词的定语,例如

  He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是那个汽车被盗的人。

  The house whose / of which windows are big looks very beautiful. 那座窗户很大的房子外观很美。 说明:指物时,通常避免用whose,而用of which(尤其在正式场合中)。

  ⑸ 在以下情况中,关系代词常用that,例如:

  ① 先行词为all, anything, everything, nothing, much, none, little等不定代词时。例如:

  Nothing (that) he said was true at all. 他所说的话一点也不真实。

  Everyone that / who knows him likes him. 每一个认识他的人都喜欢他。

  ② 先行词前有first, last, next, only, all等修饰语时。例如:

  The only thing (that) he did was to call the police. 他所做的唯一的事情就是报警。

  The first man (that) he mentioned yesterday was a driver. 他昨天提到的第一个人是一位驾驶员。

  ③ 先行词前有形容词最高级形式修饰时。例如:

  He was one of the greatest scientists that ever lived. 他是有史以来最伟大的科学家之一。

  That is the highest mountain (that) he has ever climbed. 那是他所攀登过的最高的山。

  关系副词的使用:

  定语从句也可以由关系副词引导。关系副词在定语从句中充当状语,常见的关系副词有where(表地点)、when(表时间)和why(表原因)。例如:

  the house where we lived 我们住过的房子

  the day when we first met 我们第一次见面的日子

  the reason why he was late 他迟到的原因

  现举例说明如下:

  ⑴ 关系副词where(=介词+which)在从句中用作地点状语,其先行词通常是表示地点的名词,如house, school, city, village, place等。。例如:

  The building where / in which we are working was built five years ago. 我们工作所在的大楼是五年前盖的。

  This is the playground where / on which they played football. 这就是他们踢足球的操场。

  ⑵ 关系副词when(=介词+which)在从句中用作时间状语,其先行词通常是表示时间的名词,如day, year, last night等。例如:

  I’ll never forget the day when / on which I won the prize. 我永远不会忘记我获奖的日子。

  Do you remember the year when / in which she went abroad? 你记得她出国的那一年吗?

  ⑶ 关系副词why(= for which)在从句中用作原因状语,它总是以the reason为先行词,the reason why…意思是“的原因”。例如:

  Tell me the reason why / for which she was late. 请告诉我她迟到的原因。

  Give me one good reason why I should help you! 请摆出一个我应该帮助你的正当理由!

  ⑷ 在使用关系副词时,要特别注意它的前面是否有先行词。如果有先行词则是定语从句,如果没有先行词则是其它从句。请比较:

  That is the place where he was born. 那是他出生的地方。 (定语从句)

  That is where he was born. 那是他的出生地。 (表语从句)

  定语从句as

  as引导的定语从句

  在一些习惯用法上,as能兼作关系代词、关系副词,经常引导定语从句。

  惯用型1:

  such… as…像……一样的

  the same…as…与……同样的

  I seldom meetsucha beggarasI met today.

  我很少碰到今天这样的乞丐。

  (as是代词,在定语从句中作宾语)

  Please choosesuchapplesascan be put in my bracket.

  请选择我能放入篮子里这样的苹果。

  (as在定语从句中作主语)

  I am notthe samekind of personasyou are.

  我可不是和你一类的人。

  (as在从句中作表语)

  You may takethe samebusaswe take.

  你可乘坐我们坐的同一辆大巴。

  (as在从句中作宾语)

  惯用型2:

  such as…

  在这种场合,such是代词,表示“这种人、这种物”,as是关系代词。

  He is notsuchasyou can imagine.

  他不是你能想象得到的那种人。

  We have got a lot of drinkssuchasyou can find in supermarkets.

  我们习了大量在超市能找到的那种饮料。

  惯用型3:

  as…

  …, as…

  as引导的定语从句,有时像非限制性定语从句一样修饰整个主句或者主句的一部分,但它的位置比较灵活,可以放在被修饰的主句后面,也可以放在主句前面。

  例如:

  Asyou can see, we are all students.

  你能看得出,我们都是学生。

  =We are allstudents,asyou can see.

  =We are all students,whichyou can see.

  (这是详细的解读,大家请熟悉啊)

  Asyou know, we need to hurry up.

  大家知道,我们需要加快速度。

  He is not very honest,asyou have proved.

  她不是很诚实,这一点你已证实了。

  欢迎转发啊~~~发动大家来做作业,学英语~

  英语作业

  改错(正确句子不改):

  6. I had a friend who working in a hi-tech company.

  7.Do you remember the fat man we talked 10 days ago?

  8.Don’t worry about the mistakes that you would possibly make.

  9.It was the day in which we got together.

  10.Is this the house which you are living?

  分析句子的英语语法结构,并翻译成中文:

  Qatar could face further sanctions by Arab states as a deadline to accept a series of demands from its Gulf neighbours, including closing down the television network al-Jazeera, passes on Sunday night. Rex Tillerson, the US secretary of state, was working the phones to see whether acompromise could be reached but Qatari leaders have effectively rejected the 13demands tabled 10 days ago by Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Bahrain.

  英语作业参考答案:

  我很想知道这是不是我的过错,如果是,当然我应该向他道歉,如果不是,那是谁的错呢?是他自己的错吗?突然,我有了一个好主意——我可以同他去谈谈。我想他不会拒绝与我交谈的,因为我知道他是一个通情达理的人。

  I wondered whether it was my fault. If it was my fault, of course I should apologize to him. If it was not my fault, whose fault was it? Was it his own fault? Suddenly, I got a good idea that I could have a talk with him. I thought he wouldn't refuse to talk with me because I knew he was a reasonable man.

  定语从句that

  that常用作关系代词,可指代某人,也可指代某物,指物时有的时候可用which替换that,指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下,一般用that。

  一、that指代某物事时

  1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如:

  (1)We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.

  我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。

  (2) There is much that I wan to tell you.

  我有很多想要告诉你的话。

  (3) Is there anything that I can do for you?

  有什么我可以帮你的吗?

  2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如:

  (4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.

  在我们图书馆,你可以借任何你想读的书。

  3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:

  (5)This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen.

  这是我见过的最漂亮的城市。

  4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如:

  (6)This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.

  这恰好是他们去年参观的那个工厂。

  (7)This is the only painting in this style that we have.

  这种风格的画我们仅有一幅。

  5. 先行词是并列结构,既有人又有物时。如:

  (8)He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.

  6. 先行词前有the same 修饰,表示和先行词是同一物时。如:

  (9)This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.

  这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。

  注:如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物,则用the same…as….如:

  (10)This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.

  这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。

  7. 先行词为数词时。

  (11)Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.

  瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。

  8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句,为避免重复,第二个定语从句用that。如:

  (12)They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.

  他们建了一工厂,生产以前从未见过的东西。

  9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复,定语从句用that。如。

  (13)Which is the bus that you will take?

  你要乘的是哪一班车?

  10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,而且通常省略。如:

  (14)My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.

  我的家乡再也不是以前那个样子了。

  11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如:

  (15)This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.

  这是有史以来最快的列车。

  二、that 指代某人时。

  1. 泛指某人时。如:

  (16)He is a man that is never at a loss.

  他是一个从未一筹莫展的人。

  2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复时。如:

  (17)Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?

  和我们校长说话的那人是谁?

  3. 先行词前有the same时。如:

  (18)This is the same man that gave us a talk last year.

  这和去年给我们作报告的是同一人。

  4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如:

  (19)He has changed. He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago.

  他变了。他再也不是10年前的他了。

  另外,that也可用作关系副词,表示时间、地点、原因和方式,在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时,可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如:

  (20)I'll never forget the day (that) I joined the League.

  我永远不会忘记我入团的那一天。

  (21)Is this the reason (that) they were late for the meeting?

  这就是他们开会迟到的原因吗?

  (22)We want to find a place (that) we can have a picnic.

  我们想找一个我们能野餐的地方。

  (23)This is the first time that I have been abroad for traveling.

  这是我第一次到国外去旅游。

  (注:先行词是time,前面有序数词或last修饰时,常用that引导定语从句或者省略。)

  当先行词为表示方式的词the way时,可用that引导定语从句, that常可以省略。

  (24)I don't the way you speak to her.

  我不喜欢你和她说话那种方式。

  such as定语从句

  先做一道题:

  There was a look of fear in his eye, __________ people have when they are suddenly awakened.

  A、much as

  B、such as

  C、just as

  D、even as

  【答案】 B

  【题意】他流露出一种恐惧的眼神,就像人们突然惊醒的时候的那种眼神。

  句中的 such 是名词,即指代前面的 a look of fear。其后接 as 引导的定语从句加以修饰说明。表示举例,意为“诸如此类的”、“像……那样的”,用法同such as 的举例,such as 后常接名词,也可接句子。

  比较下列句子:

  TherearefewpoetssuchasKeatsandShelly.(such as 后接名词)

  像济慈和雪莱这样的诗人现在很少了。

  Don’tdoanythingsillysuchasmarryhim.(such as 后接句子)

  不要做什么蠢事,比如说去嫁给他。

  看更多例子:

  1、Then I decided to leave, feeling a weight at my heart, such as I have never

  had before.

  然后我决定离开,心里感到一种以前从来没有过的心情。

  2、We had hoped to give you a chance,such as nobody else ever had.

  我们本来希望给你一次机会,一个别人从来没有过的机会。

  3、HedescribeshappeningssuchasIseearoundme.

  他所描写的事情就象我看到在我周围所发生的。

  4、Ihavenoaspirationssuchasyouimputetome.

  我可没有你归罪于我的这些欲望。

  such + as 引导的定语从句还可用作主语或宾语。 如 such 指代人,相当于 those who; 如 such 指代物,相当于 what 或 whateve, all/anything that 等。

  1、Such as have knowledge and skillwill not want to work. (相当于those who

  have knowledge and skill)

  有知识和技能的人不愁没有工作。

  2、Such as alter in a momentwin no credit in a month.(相当于those who

  alterin a moment)

  那些朝令夕改的人是不会获得人们长久信任的。

  3、Associate withsuch as will improve your manner. (相当于those who will

  improve your manner)

  要或那些能提高你礼貌修养的人交往。

  4、Such as remains after taxwill be yours when I die.(相当于what remains

  after tax)

  我死以后全部财产除了税以外都给你。

  5、You may choosesuch asyou prefer. (相当于what you need)

  你可挑选自己想要的东西。

  6、I haven’t much many specimens but I will send yousuch asI have.(相当于

  all that I have)

  我有的标本不多,不过我愿把所有的标本送你。

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